What must be factored in prior to approaching an airport for landing?

Weather conditions must be factored in prior to approaching an airport for landing because they have a direct impact on flight safety and the ability to land safely. Factors such as wind direction and speed, visibility, cloud cover, and potential weather disturbances like thunderstorms or fog can affect not only the approach and landing but also the decision to divert to another airport if conditions are not favorable. Understanding the current and forecasted weather is critical for pilots to ensure that they can perform a safe landing and maintain control of the aircraft throughout the approach phase.

While cruise altitude, previous landing history, and fuel levels are important considerations in flight planning and operational decisions, they do not have the immediate and critical effect that weather conditions do when preparing for an approach to landing. Therefore, keeping a close eye on the weather is essential for ensuring safety during this critical phase of flight.